In this podcast episode, host Estela Citrin speaks with Leonardo Seligra from Brazil about testosterone replacement therapy in men. Together, they discuss the appropriate clinical indications for testosterone therapy, the importance of accurate diagnosis, and the distinction between proper medical use and misuse of testosterone. Dr. Seligra explains the role of symptoms and repeated testosterone measurements in diagnosing hypogonadism, as well as the expected benefits and realistic timelines for improvement in sexual health, mood, muscle strength, and bone health. The conversation also highlights the importance of counseling patients, setting realistic expectations, and using a biopsychosocial and multidisciplinary approach to treatment. In addition, they address potential adverse effects, cardiovascular concerns, and the growing issue of non-regulated testosterone products and pellets available outside proper medical supervision. This episode provides valuable insights into the safe, evidence-based, and patient-centered management of testosterone replacement therapy in men.